Intended for saving solutions for tests , exercises and assignments as part of an introductory course to computer science in the Java language 😎

Useful link

• Link to Mega
• Lint to [Drive ] ( https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/15saERJfCxzcg_EJF3H0cMsJ9g-HHERY2)

:star2: Course Material

• Introduction And Basics Of The Language

• Object Oriented Programming

• Flow Control (conditional sentences and loops)

• Arrays

• Extending Object-Oriented-Programming - inheritance, static methods and variables, loading of methods, cases, polymorphism and interfaces

• Complications

• Search And Sort Algorithms

• Recursion

• Linked Lists

• Stacks And Queues

• Trees And Binary Trees

• Computational

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@@       o o                                           @@
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@@      _L_L_                                          @@
@@   ❮\/__-__\/❯ Programming isn't about what you know @@
@@   ❮(|~o.o~|)❯  It's about what you can figure out   @@
@@   ❮/ \`-'/ \❯                                       @@
@@     _/`U'\_                                         @@
@@    ( .   . )     .----------------------------.     @@
@@   / /     \ \    | while( ! (succed=try() ) ) |     @@
@@   \ |  ,  | /    '----------------------------'     @@
@@    \|=====|/                                        @@
@@     |_.^._|                                         @@
@@     | |"| |                                         @@
@@     ( ) ( )   Testing leads to failure              @@
@@     |_| |_|   and failure leads to understanding    @@
@@ _.-' _j L_ '-._                                     @@
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1. TABLE OF CONTENTS

• 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS
• 2. PRIMITIVE VARIABLES TYPES
• 3. TAKING INPUT
• 4. ARITHMETIC
• 5. CASTING
• 6. RELATIONAL AND LOGICAL EXPRESSIONS
• 7. CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS
• 8. LOOPS
• 9. ARRAYS
• 10. SORTING ALGORITHMS
• 11. SEARCHING ALGORITHMS
• 12. MATH CLASS
• 13. STRING CLASS
• 14. STRING BUFFER CLASS
• 15. METHODS
• 16. RANDOM NUMBERS
• 17. RECURSION
• 18. READ AND WRITE TO FILE
• 19. LINKED LIST
• 20. STACKS
• 21. TREE
• 22. ALIASING
• 23. STATIC KEYWORD
• 24. JAVADOC
• 25. ACCESS MODIFIERS
• 26. OBJECT-ORIENTED-PROGRAMMING
• 27. ENUM

// headers
//*******************************************************
// Exam in July 2022B (91)
// Semester 2022B
// Solutions to the test
// Author: liron mizrahi
//*******************************************************

//*******************************************************
// IntList.java
// the class reprsents IntList
// Author: liron mizrahi
//*******************************************************

// API
/**
 * method return true if the arr values shift by 1 
 * @param: intp[ arr1, int[] arr2
 * @return: boolean 
 */

2. PRIMITIVE VARIABLES TYPES

In Java, variables are used to store and manipulate data. There are several types of variables, each with its own characteristics and uses.

Definition	Example	Size	Range
char	'b', 'B', '9', '&'	1 byte	-2^7...2^7-1 (-128...127)
int	-5, 9, 8214	4 bytes	-2^31...2^31-1
long	-3, 77, 8234	8 bytes	-2^63...2^63-1
short	-1, 3, 1456	2 bytes	-2^15...2^15-1
byte	-2, 8, 42	1 byte	-2^7...2^7-1
double	5.22, -89, 1.65	8 bytes	-1.710^308 to 1.710^308
float	44.22, -89, 8.6	4 bytes	-3.410^38 to 3.410^38
boolean	true / false	1 byte	true / false

2.1 Example

  public class ExamplesOfBasicVariablesTypes
  {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
		  // define char
      char c = 'k';
      // define int 
      int num = 5;
      // define long
      long num1 = 765;
      // define sort
      sort num2 = 6;
      // define byte
      byte num3 = 32;
      // define double
      double num4 = 326;
      // define float
      float num5 = 89;
      // define boolean
      boolean bool = true;
	 }// end of method main 
  }// end of class ExamplesOfBasicVariablesTypes

3. TAKING INPUT

in this table we use: Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in) In Java, there are several ways to take input from a user.

Here the Scanner method:

(Remember to use the Scanner class you need to import it using import java.util.Scanner; It should be used at the very beginning of your java file before any other code written. So, you can use the methods in the table below after importing the class.)

Data Type	Format
int	in.nextInt()
short	in.nextShort()
long	in.nextLong()
char	in.next().charAt(0)
float	in.nextFloat()
double	in.nextDouble()
byte	in.nextByte()
boolean	in.nextBoolean()
String	in.next()
A string across an entire line including spaces	in.nextLine()

3.1 Example

import java.util.Scanner;

public class InputExample 
{
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    {
        // make a Scanner object
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

        // Prompt user to enter an integer
        System.out.print("Enter an integer: ");
        int num1 = scan.nextInt();

        // Prompt user to enter a short
        System.out.print("Enter a short: ");
        short num2 = scan.nextShort();

        // Prompt user to enter a long
        System.out.print("Enter a long: ");
        long num3 = scan.nextLong();

        // Prompt user to enter a character
        System.out.print("Enter a character: ");
        char ch = scan.next().charAt(0);

        // Prompt user to enter a float
        System.out.print("Enter a float: ");
        float num4 = scan.nextFloat();

        // Prompt user to enter a double
        System.out.print("Enter a double: ");
        double num5 = scan.nextDouble();

        // Prompt user to enter a byte
        System.out.print("Enter a byte: ");
        byte num6 = scan.nextByte();

        // Prompt user to enter a boolean
        System.out.print("Enter a boolean: ");
        boolean bool = scan.nextBoolean();

        System.out.println("You entered: " + num1 + ", " + num2 + ", " + num3 + ", " + ch + ", " + num4 + ", " + num5 + ", " + num6 + ", " + bool);
    }// end of method main
}// end of class InputExample

4. ARITHMETIC

In Java, arithmetic operations are used to perform mathematical calculations on variables.

Operations	Symbol
Addition	+
Subtraction	-
Multiplication	*
Division	/
Modulus	%

4.1 Example

public class Arithmetic
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int a = 5;
        int b = 2;

        // addition
        int c = a + b;
        System.out.println("Addition: " + a + " + " + b + " = " + c);

        // subtraction
        c = a - b;
        System.out.println("Subtraction: " + a + " - " + b + " = " + c);

        // multiplication
        c = a * b;
        System.out.println("Multiplication: " + a + " * " + b + " = " + c);

        // division
        c = a / b;
        System.out.println("Division: " + a + " / " + b + " = " + c);

        // modulus
        c = a % b;
        System.out.println("Modulus: " + a + " % " + b + " = " + c);
    }// end of method main
    
}// end of class Arithmetic

4.2 Shorthand Experssions

Shorthand Expressions	Symbol
Addition Assignment	+=
Subtraction Assignment	-=
Multiplication Assignment	*=
Division Assignment	/=
Modulus Assignment	%=

4.3 Shorthand Experssions Example

public class ShorthandExpressions 
{
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    {
        int x = 10;
        int y = 5;

        // addition assignment
        x += y;
        System.out.println("Addition Assignment: x += y : " + x);

        // subtraction assignment
        x -= y;
        System.out.println("Subtraction Assignment: x -= y : " + x);

        // multiplication assignment
        x *= y;
        System.out.println("Multiplication Assignment: x *= y : " + x);

        // division assignment
        x /= y;
        System.out.println("Division Assignment: x /= y : " + x);

        // modulus assignment
        x %= y;
        System.out.println("Modulus Assignment: x %= y : " + x);
    }// end of method main 
}// end of class ShorthandExpressions 

5. CASTING

In Java, casting is the process of converting one data type to another.

Type	Description
Implicit casting	Also known as automatic casting, it occurs when a smaller type is converted to a larger type without t