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⑂ 18Forks

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Cactus Image Viewer

by Wassim Alhajomar (@wassimulator)

A single-file handmade image viewer for Windows, written in C/C++.

VIDEO: Watch it in action

Featured on the Handmade Network's Wheel Reinvention Jam.

Consider donating if you like this project

Used libraries

Homemade immediate mode UI, a custom D3D11 renderer, Windows Imaging Component, stb_image and libwebp for decoding, cute_files.h to manage directories on different platforms, FreeType for font loading, and easyexif for fetching image metadata.

Supported codecs

BMP, GIF, ICO, JPEG, JPEG XR, PNG, TIFF, DDS, WEBP. It also supports installed codecs for WIC, check Microsoft Store to get codecs like HEIF, RAW, or AVIF. Here: AV1 Video Extension HEVC Video Extensions HEIF Image Extensions Raw Image Extension

Features

Core

Standalone executable: No installation required. Just download and run, all dependencies are built-in.
Crisp font rendering: Custom text rendering with subpixel antialiasing for sharp, easy-to-read UI text on any display.
Fullscreen mode: Press F11 to toggle distraction-free fullscreen viewing.
Drag and drop: Open images or entire folders by dropping them onto the window.
Unicode support: Full support for international characters and symbols in file and folder names.

Folder Navigation

Folder scanning: Automatically scans the folder of any opened image and lets you flip through all supported images with arrow keys or on-screen controls.
Smart folder sorting: Automatically detects and matches the sort order from Windows Explorer or FilePilot file manager. Supports sorting by name (with natural sorting so "file2" comes before "file10"), date modified, file size, and file type—both ascending and descending. Can be disabled to default to alphabetical order.
Thumbnail preview bar: Quick visual navigation through all images in the current folder. Click any thumbnail to jump directly to that image.
Multithreaded loading: Images load in the background so you can keep browsing while large files decode.

Viewing & Navigation

Pan and zoom: Smooth image panning with mouse drag, and zoom with scroll wheel. Zoom centers on your cursor position for precise control.
Fitting modes: Quickly fit images to window width, height, or view at 1:1 actual pixels. Cycle through modes or set a default in settings.
Rotation: Rotate the view in 90° increments without modifying the source file. EXIF rotation data is automatically applied on load.
Pixel-perfect mode: Toggle between smooth linear filtering and crisp nearest-neighbor sampling—perfect for pixel art, sprites, and retro graphics.
Pixel grid: Overlay a grid at high zoom levels to see individual pixel boundaries clearly.

Image Analysis

RGB Histograms: Real-time histogram display showing the distribution of red, green, and blue color values across the image.
Pixel color inspector: Hover over any pixel to see its exact RGB values and coordinates. Click to copy the HEX color code to clipboard instantly.
EXIF metadata: View embedded camera and image data from JPEG files including camera model, exposure settings, GPS coordinates, and more.
Channel isolation: Toggle individual RGB channels on/off to analyze color composition. Switch between premultiplied alpha and straight RGB blending modes.

Image Editing

Paint/Draw mode: Draw directly on images with a circular brush. Adjust brush size with scroll wheel, pick any color, and toggle anti-aliasing for smooth or hard edges. Includes an eraser mode. Hold Shift or press B to toggle paint mode on/off.
Color adjustments: Fine-tune hue, saturation, gamma, and brightness with real-time preview. All adjustments are non-destructive until you save.
Image cropping: Select and crop to any rectangular region of the image with pixel-precise control.
Gaussian blur: Apply adjustable blur filters for effects or to obscure sensitive information.
Save with adjustments: Export images with all your current adjustments (color, crop, rotation, drawings) baked in.

Animation Support

Animated GIF playback: Full support for animated GIFs with smooth frame timing.
Animated WebP playback: Play animated WebP files with proper frame delays.
Playback controls: Play, pause, and scrub through animation frames. Jump to any frame or step through frame-by-frame.

Customization

Multiple UI themes: Choose from several built-in color themes to match your preference or reduce eye strain.
Custom backgrounds: Set any solid color as the image background, or use a customizable checkerboard pattern (great for viewing transparency). Configure both checkerboard colors.
Persistent settings: Optionally remember zoom level and pan position for each image during a session, or reset to default view on every image change.
Keyboard shortcuts: Full keyboard control for navigation, zooming, rotation, animation playback, and more. See the config panel for the complete list.

Installation

[Option 1] Standalone EXE from GitHub releases

Download and run the latest standalone CactusViewer.exe file from releases.

[Option 2] Using Scoop

This will install the standalone CactusViewer.exe using Scoop, which will also add a shortcut to the start menu and add CactusViewer.exe to the PATH environment variable.

Install Scoop if you don't already have it.
- Instructions: https://scoop.sh/
Add the Scoop Extras bucket if you don't already have it.
- scoop bucket add extras
Install CactusViewer with Scoop.
- scoop install extras/cactusviewer

CactusViewer can later be updated with scoop upgrade cactusviewer or scoop upgrade --all (updates all apps installed with Scoop).

Usage

Opening a file:
- Drag and drop image file into the viewer, if the file is supported it should load the file and read the folder contents of the file's directory.
- CactusViewer also supports "Open With..." by choosing it as the program to open an image with.
- You can also use the command line to open a file by typing: > CactusViewer.exe "path_to_file" (make sure you write the full path of the file!).
Move the mouse to the bottom of the screen to view controls, click on "config" to see controls and change settings.

Building

Windows

All dependencies are within the repo for your, my, and everyone's convenience. Using an MSVC 64 bit developer terminal:

run b.bat to build the project in debug mode, output in \bin (the debug version expects the font file in src, so terminal calls need to have bin as the working directory to run also make sure you have D3D11 debug layers from here installed or remove that flag in init_d3d11() when building in debug mode).
run b.bat release to build the project in release mode, output in \bin

Remarks

Update 2.0 ditches ImGui and OpenGL, the executable runs now on D3D11 with a handmade immediate mode UI library. If you have Windows, it should work, so please report any bugs!
For the sake of everyone's sanity, this repo has prebuilt binaries of all the above for Windows x64, I will provide other builds if I make any.

Troubleshooting

If you encounter any issues or crashes, short of trying to debug it yourself, CactusViewer writes a debug log to:

%APPDATA%\CactusViewer\debug.log

If you need help please create a GitHub issue describing the problem and attach your log file or the relevant entries.

Possible improvements

Possible things to expand on:

Unlock the supported image resolutions sizes beyond maximum GPU texture sizes, to support images larger than 60MP or 268MP respectively.
Decode images at lower resolutions at first and only decode full image upon zooming, to improve display speed of large files.
Providing an optional software renderer backend.

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allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation" role="region" aria-label="Advertisement" tabindex="0" data-google-container-id="8" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-load-complete="true"></iframe></div></div> </div> <hr> <h2>More Examples</h2> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p>Align text in a paragraph (with CSS):</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>p<span class="attributecolor" style="color:red"> style<span class="attributevaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue">="text-align:right"</span></span><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span>This is some text in a paragraph.<span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_p_align_css" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p>Style paragraphs with CSS:</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>html<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>head<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>style<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span><span class="cssselectorcolor" style="color:brown"><br>p <span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">{</span><span class="csspropertycolor" style="color:red"><br>  color<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> navy<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>  text-indent<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 30px<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>  text-transform<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> uppercase<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br></span><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">}</span><br></span><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>/style<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span><br> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>/head<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>body<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span><br><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.<span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span><br><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>/body<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>/html<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_p_style_css" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p> More on paragraphs:</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span><br>This paragraph<br>contains a lot of lines<br>in the source code,<br> but the browser <br>ignores it.<br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_paragraphs2" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p>Poem problems in HTML:</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span><br>My Bonnie lies over the ocean.<br>My Bonnie lies over the sea.<br>My Bonnie lies over the ocean.<br>Oh, bring back my Bonnie to me.<br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue"><</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">></span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_poem" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <hr> <h2>Related Pages</h2> <p>HTML tutorial: <a href="/html/html_paragraphs.asp">HTML Paragraphs</a></p> <p>HTML DOM reference: <a href="/jsref/dom_obj_paragraph.asp">Paragraph Object</a></p> <hr> <h2>Default CSS Settings</h2> <p>Most browsers will display the <code class="w3-codespan"><p></code> element with the following default values:</p> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <div class="w3-code notranslate cssHigh"><span class="cssselectorcolor" style="color:brown"> p <span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">{</span><span class="csspropertycolor" style="color:red"><br>  display<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> block<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>  margin-top<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 1em<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>  margin-bottom<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 1em<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>  margin-left<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 0<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>  margin-right<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 0<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br></span><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">}</span> </span></div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_p_default_css" class="w3-btn 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